![]() The authors reported that 54% of the sample showed some changes in the stomatognathic system (mouth breathing, open bite, atypical swallowing, ankyloglossia), of which almost 70% were breastfed naturally for less than 6 months. 4 retrospectively studied 595 patients aged between 1 and 14 years and related the findings of myofunctional disorders and the time of natural breastfeeding. ![]() Natural breastfeeding plays an important role in the maturation of the perioral musculature and, therefore, in the development of correct breathing, swallowing and, subsequently, occlusion. Several authors have described relations between malocclusions and functional disorders of the oral cavity and its adjacent muscles, as well as the importance of establishing a functional balance of the stomatognathic system to achieve the stability of the form. At this time, there may be interferences in cell control and the migration may be incomplete, or even not occur, establishing the condition of ankyloglossia. As development occurs, the cells of the frenulum undergo apoptosis and tend to migrate distally to the medial region of the lingual dorsum. In this phase, grooves are formed laterally to the structure, so that it can move freely, except for the region adhered by the lingual frenulum, initially at the apex of the tongue. The tongue originates from the first, second, and third pharyngeal arches during the fourth week of gestation. Such condition occurs in 4-16% of neonates, with a preference for male patients in a proportion of 2.5:1. ![]() 1 Ankyloglossia, or shortening of the free lingual portion, is an anatomical condition characterized by the restriction of tongue movement, which may have a strong impact on its function, also interfering in the shape of the dental arches and their consequent occlusion. ![]() The lingual frenulum is a fibrodense conjunctive fold, occasionally made up of superior fibers of the genioglossus muscle, which are inserted in the ventral tongue, between the apex and the middle third, and in the floor of the mouth, which may be between the lingual carunculi or previously displaced to the lower alveolar ridge. ![]()
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